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- WORLD, Page 45New Zealand Takes On the U.S.
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- Lange widens the feud with a threat to break up ANZUS
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- By Michael Gawenda, David Lange
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-
- The U.S. and New Zealand have been feuding since 1984, when
- Prime Minister David Lange kept an election promise to ban
- American nuclear-armed and -powered ships from his country's
- ports. In effect, that killed the ANZUS Security Treaty linking
- Australia, New Zealand and the U.S. in defense of the southern
- Pacific.
-
- The U.S., contending that New Zealand had violated its
- responsibilities to the alliance, stopped sending naval vessels
- on port calls there and suspended security guarantees and
- high-level contacts with the Wellington government. The treaty
- remained technically in effect, however, and the U.S. hoped
- Lange might come around. But last week, in an address at Yale
- University, he declared that New Zealand might soon officially
- withdraw from ANZUS. "Between the U.S. and New Zealand, the
- security alliance is a dead letter," said the Prime Minister,
- who was snubbed by Washington during his visit to the U.S. "The
- basis of the alliance was a commitment to consult. Consultation
- has stopped."
-
- For the U.S., the issue goes well beyond New Zealand.
- Washington fears for its other security alliances if nuclear
- ships are denied port privileges. State Department spokeswoman
- Margaret Tutwiler said withdrawing was New Zealand's
- "prerogative." But, she added, the fault was Wellington's
- refusal to welcome the U.S. Navy, not Washington's refusal to
- consult.
-
- Lange is just as determined to stand by his decision. In
- his Wellington office before leaving for the U.S., Lange, 46,
- delivered a feisty defense of his policy to TIME AUSTRALIA
- senior writer Michael Gawenda.
-
- Q. You're going to the U.S. but not to Washington. What
- does that say about U.S.-New Zealand relations?
-
- A. It says the U.S. deems it important not to have any
- upper-ranking contact with anyone from New Zealand. That's
- their decision, not ours.
-
- Q. How do you feel about that?
-
- A. We have quite a congenial relationship. I don't get hung
- up about it. We have had expanding trade with them. But they
- have this policy of denying us any contact with high
- Administration officials.
-
- Q. Are you missing out on anything?
-
- A. I think they miss out on something. I can't help being
- amazed that they can carry on that way with us while expanding,
- in a quite constructive way, their relationships with countries
- that aren't their allies or friends. In the light of that, I
- can't help thinking that their attitude to New Zealand is
- strange.
-
- Q. Has New Zealand suffered from the breakdown of ANZUS?
-
- A. No. We have benefited because we have had to grapple
- with the question of what defense means to us. There was a time
- when you could only explain our defense forces in terms of being
- one small cog in someone else's wheel. We've come to the
- realization that we will never be able to singlehandedly repulse
- any determined onslaught on New Zealand. The truth is that the
- biggest threat to our security is natural disaster. So we have
- to have a real defense capacity to cope with localized
- insurrections and to help out in the region when natural
- disasters strike.
-
- We have had to examine our self-reliance. When the U.S. was
- a fully committed member of ANZUS, we had two days' ammunition
- and no spare parts. Well, we have had to change that, and it has
- cost us. We have had to spend money for equipment that otherwise
- would have been provided by the U.S. on the former paternalistic
- basis. Our message is that our position on the nuclear question
- is resolved, and it will continue. We are disposed to be
- cooperative with great powers and small powers, but we will not
- do so at the cost of our nuclear policy.
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